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Mengenal Owa Kalimantan – Owa Kelempiau Utara dan Owa Kelempiau Barat

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Dari 4 jenis owa kalimantan, terdapat dua jenis owa yang baru diidentifikasi pada tahun 2000an. Pada mulanya, owa kelempiau utara dan owa Kelempiau barat teridentiifikasi ke dalam satu spesies yang sama dengan owa kalawat (Hylobates muelleri). Akan tetapi, studi baru menunjukkan bahwa ketiganya adalah spesies yang berbeda. Penemuan ini juga telah diakui oleh IUCN Red List dan American Society of Mammalogists.

Apa bedanya?

Owa kelempiau utara (H. furnereus) mirip dengan H. muelleri. Bedanya adalah, owa ini memiliki warna tangan dan kaki yang lebih terang (meskipun tidak seputih H. lar).

Sementara itu, yang membedakan owa kelempiau barat (H. abbotti) dengan H. muelleri adalah pola tubuh mereka, dimana owa kelempiau ini memiliki pola yang tidak terlalu mencolok.

Kenalan dengan owa kelempiau utara

Foto : Quentin Phillipps

Kera arboreal ini disebut juga owa abu kalimantan. Mereka juga memiliki nama lokal uwa-uwa. Dalam bahasa Inggris, owa kelempiau utara disebut Northern Gray Gibbon atau East Bornean Gray Gibbon.

Owa kelempiau utara berwarna kelabu atau cokelat tua, dengan bagian kaki dan tangan yang biasanya berwarna lebih terang. Warna rambutnya memang cenderung lebih gelap, terutama pada topi, tenggorokan, dada, perut hingga anus, dan bagian dalam lengan dan kaki. Bagian-bagian lainnya lebih pucat, serta alis yang tebal dan berwarna putih.

Baca juga : Jenis Owa di Sumatera – Mengenal Owa Serudung dan Bilau

Berat tubuh jantan dan betina rata-rata berkisar antara 5-6,4 kg, dengan panjang jantan sekitar 48,5 cm, dan betina antara 47,5-49 cm.

H. funereus terutama menyebar di Pulau Kalimantan bagian utara: di wilayah Sabah, ke barat hingga wilayah Saribas di Sarawak, dan ke selatan ke wilayah Kalimantan Utara dan Kalimantan Timur hingga ke batas S. Karangan (Berau). Namun ada pula yang menyatakan dapat ditemukan hingga di sekitar Sungai Mahakam.

Owa ini menghuni hutan-hutan primer dan sekunder semi gugur-daun, hutan dipterokarpa, dan hutan hujan tropika yang selalu hijau. Owa abu kalimantan hidup di dataran rendah, perbukitan, hingga pegunungan.

Mengenal si endemik kalimantan, Owa Kelempiau Barat

owa kelempiau barat
Foto : M. Khotiem

Owa kelempiau barat memiliki nama lain owa kelempiau kalimantan, dan nama lokalnya di antaranya adalah kelampiau atau penguak. Dalam bahasa Inggris, spesies ini disebut Abbot’s Gray Gibbon. Sebaran Owa kelempiau barat terbatas (endemik) di Pulau Kalimantan.

H. abbotti berwarna kecokelatan sampai kelabu, dengan bagian yang lebih gelap di sekitar perut dan atas kepala; terkecuali kaki dan tangan. Alis owa kelempiau barat berwarna terang keputihan namun tidak terlalu kontras dengan warna bagian tubuhnya yang lain.

Berat tubuh hewan jantan rata-rata berkisar antara 5,9-6,4 kg, dengan betinanya yaitu sekitar 5,5-6,0 kg. Panjang kepala dan tubuh owa ini antara 42-47 cm.

Gray Gibbon Abbott hidup di musim hujan semi-gugur primer dan sekunder, dipterocarp, hutan cemara tropis, dan hutan yang ditebang (dengan toleransi sampai batas tertentu dan dalam kondisi bahwa pohon-pohon berbuah masih dipertahankan). Makanan spesies ini termasuk daun muda, buah-buahan, bunga, dan serangga.

Owa kelempiau barat dianggap Terancam Punah di bawah Kriteria A4cd. Berdasarkan perkiraan, total pengurangan populasi yaitu sebesar 50% atau lebih dari generasi sebelumnya (2004-2018), yang diperkirakan akan terus berdampak pada dua generasi berikutnya (2019-2048). Perburuan ilegal serta penangkapan satwa dalam kondisi hidup untuk diperdagangkan sebagai hewan liar pun menimbulkan ancaman tambahan.

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